Antécédents de l’affaire: Amr Badr
Le 27 août 2016, un tribunal égyptien a accepté la requête du journaliste Amr Badr qui contestait sa détention préventive et a ordonné sa libération pour une caution d'un montant de 5000 LE.
Le 1er mai 2016, le défenseur des droits humains et journaliste Amr Badr a été arrêté lorsque les forces de sécurité ont fait irruption au siège du syndicat des journalistes. Cela fait suite à un mandat d'arrêt lancé contre lui le 23 avril 2016. Amr Badr est sous le coup de plusieurs accusations, notamment "appel à manifester pour renverser le régime, distribution de tracts pour manifester, affiliation à une organisation interdite et promotion de fausses informations".
Le 12 juin 2016, la détention d'Amr a été prolongée de 15 jours, pour la troisième fois depuis son arrestation.
Amr Badr est défenseur des droits humains et rédacteur en chef du portail d'information Yanair, destiné à répertorier les violations des droits humains en Égypte.
Le 5 mai 2016, l'avocat et défenseur des droits humains égyptien Malek Adly a été arrêté dans le district de Maadi au Caire par les forces de sécurité, avant d'être conduit au poste de police de Shubra al-Kheima dans le nord de la ville. Il a comparu devant le procureur public de Shubra al-Kheima suite à un mandat d'arrêt lancé contre lui le 23 avril 2016.
Malek Adly est un avocat en droits humains renommé; il est directeur du réseau d'avocats au sein de l'Egyptian Centre for Economic and Social Rights (ECESR). Il a fondé le Front de défense des manifestants en Égypte, un groupe composé de trente quatre organisations de défense des droits humains et de plusieurs avocats, qui répertorient les pratiques illégales perpétrées par les forces de police contre les manifestants pacifiques, et qui aide les manifestants et les prisonniers, notamment les victimes de torture et de disparitions forcées.
Le 5 mai 2016, Malek Adly a été interrogé par le procureur en chef, l'avocat général et le procureur assigné à l'affaire. Après l'interrogatoire qui s'est déroulé la nuit, de 3h à 7 heures du matin, le procureur a ordonné la détention de Malek Adly pour quinze jours, le temps de l'enquête. Il est accusé entre-autres d'avoir tenté de renverser le régime au pouvoir, d'affiliation à une organisation interdite et de diffusion de fausses informations; il a démenti toutes ces accusations pendant l'interrogatoire. Le mandant d'arrêt a été lancé contre lui le 23 avril 2016, en lien avec un appel à manifester le 25 avril 2015 pour condamner la récente décision du gouvernement de céder la souveraineté de deux iles de la Mer Rouge sous administration égyptienne, à l'Arabie Saoudite, mais également contre les politiques du président Al-Sissi, contre les violations des droits humains et contre les crimes perpétrés par les forces de sécurité égyptiennes. La répression continue et les nombreuses arrestations de défenseur-ses des droits humains en Égypte ont augmenté depuis cet appel à manifester.
Le défenseur des droits humains et journaliste Amr Badr a lui aussi été arrêté en lien avec l'appel à manifester du 25 avril 2016. Le défenseur a été arrêté lorsque les forces de sécurité ont fait irruption au siège du syndicat des journalistes le 1er mai 2016, suite à un mandat lancé contre lui le 23 avril 2016. Amr Badr est sous le coup de plusieurs accusations, notamment "appel à manifester pour renverser le régime, distribution de tracts pour manifester, affiliation à une organisation interdite et promotion de fausses informations".
Front Line Defenders condamne fermement l'arrestation de Malek Adly et Amr Badr, ainsi que la criminalisation de la société civile en Égypte et appelle les autorités à cesser immédiatement de persécuter les défenseur-ses des droits humains; tout en rappelant le rôle essentiel de leur travail pour le développement d'une société plus juste et égalitaire.
Amid a sweep of more than three-hundred arrests over the past several days in Cairo, Alexandria and other governorates, several human rights defenders have been arrested by Egyptian security forces and transferred to different police stations. This follows a recent call to protest in the “Egypt is not for sale” demonstrations, on 25 April 2016, against President Al Sissi's policies, human rights abuses and crimes committed by the security forces, and the transfer of two Red Sea islands to Saudi Arabia. Human rights defenders, including Ahmed Abdullah, Malek Adly, Amr Badr and Maysara Abdoun have been targeted and are facing different forms of judicial harassment, including arbitrary arrests and detentions, arrest warrants and accusations of “calling for protests to overthrow the regime, distributing flyers to protest, affiliation to a banned organisation, and promoting false news.”
Ahmed Abdullah is a human rights defender, founder and board director of the Egyptian Commission for Rights and Freedoms (ECRF), an independent organisation working on the promotion of democracy, religious freedom and minority rights in Egypt, as well as the spread of human rights values through documentation, campaigns and legal support. Malek Adly is a human rights lawyer and director of the lawyers network at the Egyptian Centre for Economic and Social Rights (ECESR), which seeks to promote and mobilise social movements to spread the culture of human rights. He is one the founders of the Front for Defending Egypt's Protesters, a group comprising of thirty-four human rights organisations and several lawyers documenting illegal practices carried out by state police forces against peaceful protesters. Amr Badr is a human rights defender and the editor-in-chief of Yanair news portal aimed at the documentation of human rights violations in Egypt. Maysara Abdoun is a Nubian human rights defender, actively involved in the defence of minority and Nubian rights in the Aswan governorate. He is the training coordinator at Border Center for Support & Consulting (BSC), an organisation led by a group of youths with experience in the field of community development and human rights.
Arbitrary arrests and house raids against human rights defenders began on 21 April 2016, which coincided with Sinai Liberation Day, after a call to protest on 25 April 2016, in opposition to the recent maritime borders' agreement between Egypt and Saudi Arabia involving the transfer of two Red Sea islands to the Saudi Kingdom. The current smear campaign, as well as the ongoing mass arrests of civil society, political activists and journalists, is a continuation of the harassment and threats faced by human rights defenders providing support and legal assistance to the protesters.
Human rights defender Ahmed Abdullah was seized from his house by armed security forces. The armed officers confiscated his laptop and mobile phone. He was transferred to First Nasr City police station in Cairo, following an arrest warrant issued against him by the East Cairo Prosecution. He is currently detained for fifteen days pending investigations, and has been accused of ten charges including the possession of leaflets, calling to overthrow the regime and change the constitution, and the promotion by indirect ways and through the web of terrorist offences. An arrest warrant was issued by Egyptian authorities against lawyer Malek Adly and journalist Amr Badr both accused of promoting false news. On 26 April 2016, Maysara Abdoun was arrested during the protest in Al-Mahatta Square, Aswan by Egyptian police and transferred to First Aswan police station where he is currently detained for fifteen days, pending investigation. He is charged with attempting to overthrow the ruling regime. In addition to the mentioned human rights defenders, numerous activists have been targeted by police forces, including activist Sanaa Seif who was summoned to report to the South Cairo prosecution for a hearing session on 27 April 2016, over charges of plotting to overthrow the regime and distributing flyers calling for protests. The human rights defender was further charged with insulting a member of the judiciary and a new investigation was opened. This follows her release from prison in September 2015.
Malek Adly was previously targeted and summoned by the Cairo Appeal Prosecutor for interrogation in April 2015 following an anti-torture protest in Cairo, which he abstained from attending. Earlier in January 2016, Ahmed Abdullah faced threats of detention after the police raided a coffee shop in Giza governorate and questioned the staff about him.
Front Line Defenders is greatly concerned by the recent spate of arrests and detentions against human rights defenders in Egypt and urges the Egyptian authorities to grant their immediate release.
Front Line Defenders urges the authorities in Egypt to:
1. Put an end to the ongoing mass arrests against human rights defenders in Egypt and immediately release those detained;
2. Drop charges against human rights defenders Ahmed Abdullah, Malek Adly, Amr Badr, Sanaa Seif and Maysara Abdoun ;
3. Immediately cease all forms of harassment of human rights defenders in Egypt, as Front Line Defenders believes that their rights are being restricted solely as a result of their legitimate and peaceful work in the defence of human rights;
4. Guarantee in all circumstances that all human rights defenders in Egypt are able to carry out their legitimate human rights activities without fear of reprisals and free of all restrictions.
