Esmail Abdi released on bail
On 13 November 2023, human rights defender Esmail Abdi was released on a bail of 10 billion IRR issued by Branch 29 of Tehran Revolutionary Court while he awaits the decision of the competent branch of revolutionary court. This follows the Supreme court decision to uphold the human rights defender’s request for retrial back in April 2021.
On 17 March 2021, following multiple transfers to different prisons and detention centres over the course of one week, human rights defender Esmail Abdi was transferred to the quarantine ward of the Central Prison of Alborz, where he is currently being held. He has been placed in a quarantine ward with 30 other detainees, even though the ward only has capacity for 17 people.
On 7 March 2021, human rights defender Esmail Abdi began a hunger strike to protest the recent restrictions on his access to phone calls, as well as his transfer to Ward 6 of Evin prison. The human rights defender will henceforth be permitted to only make phone calls once a week and only in the presence of the prison officer.
On 16 August 2020, Jafar Azimzadeh was transferred to Taleghani hospital from the clinic in Evin prison due to extremely poor health.
On 12 August 2020, human rights defenders Esmail Abdi and Jafar Azimzadeh were informed by Evin prison authorities that their second COVID-19 test, conducted on 9 August, had reportedly tested negative. The defenders had initially been informed on 9 August 2020, that the tests they had taken on 4 August had returned positive, and so they, and 10 other prisoners were transferred to the clinic of Evin prison for quarantine. Despite their negative results, both defenders have been held in quarantine with the prisoners who are thought to have tested positive for the virus, without sufficient protection, despite both suffering from pre-existing medical conditions.
Esmail Abdi is a high school teacher and former Secretary General of Iran’s Teachers’ Trade Association (ITTA). As part of his trade union activities, he has been campaigning for labour rights through organizing peaceful demonstrations and participation in representing ITTA in international confrences. An affiliate of Education International, ITTA is a trade union of educators which concentrates on the union rights of teachers and students.
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- 17 November 2023 : Esmail Abdi released on bail
- 18 March 2021 : Esmail Abdi transferred multiple times in single week
- 11 March 2021 : Esmail Abdi on hunger strike
- 17 August 2020 : Jafar Azimzadeh transferred to hospital in critical condition
- 13 August 2020 : Concern for the health of Esmail Abdi and Jafar Azimzadeh held in quarantine
On 13 November 2023, human rights defender Esmail Abdi was released on a bail of 10 billion IRR issued by Branch 29 of Tehran Revolutionary Court while he awaits the decision of the competent branch of revolutionary court. This follows the Supreme court decision to uphold the human rights defender’s request for retrial back in April 2021.
Esmail Abdi was serving a five year sentence on the charges of “gathering information with the intention to disrupt national security” and “propaganda against the state” when he was subsequently handed a new ten year sentence in May 2020. With only a few months remaining on his previous five year sentence, Esmail Abdi was handed an additional 10 year sentence based on an old case. The human rights defender’s lawyer appealed this, requesting a retrial in March 2021. His request was subsequently accepted in April 2021. However, it took more than two years for Esmail Abdi’s case to be assigned to a competent court for the retrial process. The initiation of this judicial process triggers Article 477 of the Iranian Criminal Procedure Code which provides that a defendant may be released on bail once the review process commences.
The human rights defender, who has served over seven years in prison since 2016 for his trade union activities, namely acting as the director of Iran’s Teachers’ Trade Association (ITTA) and standing up for teachers and students rights in Iran, was transferred to different prisons several times during his detention, including during the Pandemic of Covid 19 as punishment for advocating for prisoners’ rights.
On 17 March 2021, following multiple transfers to different prisons and detention centres over the course of one week, human rights defender Esmail Abdi was transferred to the quarantine ward of the Central Prison of Alborz, where he is currently being held. He has been placed in a quarantine ward with 30 other detainees, eventhough the ward only has capacity for 17 people.
On 16 March 2021, he was transferred from Evin Prison to the quarantine ward of Ghezel Hesar Prison. On the evening of 15 March, Esmail Abdi was returned to the quarantine ward of Evin prison from a detention centre in Karaj without any prior notice or explanation. The human rights defender was told that he was going to be transferred from Evin to Rajai Shahr Prison in Karaj province, but was instead transferred to Karaj Police Detention Center. When he asked for an explanation, he was told that the Special Prosecutor for Political Prisoners had not yet issued the transfer order. Esmail Abdi was handcuffed and taken to the Karaj courthouse and finally back to Evin prison in a transfer vehicle for prisoners accused of violent crimes. He was placed in the 4th quarantine room of Evin Prison temporarily until his situation was clarified by the prison’s authorities the following day.
Esmail Abdi believes that the successive transfers without explanation, which occurred soon after he went on a hunger strike (7-10 March 2021) to protest limitations on his access to telephone calls, are a violation of his rights as a prisoner and a tactic of harassment against his family. The human rights defender stopped his hunger strike after the resumption of the telephone calls with his family on 10 March 2021.
On 7 March 2021, human rights defender Esmail Abdi began a hunger strike to protest the recent restrictions on his access to phone calls, as well as his transfer to Ward 6 of Evin prison. The human rights defender will henceforth be permitted to only make phone calls once a week and only in the presence of the prison officer.
On 27 February 2021, Esmail Abdi was transferred from Ward 8 to Ward 6 of Evin Prison, where prisoners facing charges relating to public order crimes are held. The denial of private calls, restriction to weekly as opposed to daily phone calls and the transfer were ordered in response to his involvement in the organisation of a mourning ceremony for Behnam Mahjoubi, a prisoner who recently died in hospital after reportedly being denied access to medical care while imprisoned.
On 16 August 2020, Jafar Azimzadeh was transferred to Taleghani hospital from the clinic in Evin prison due to extremely poor health. The labour rights defender was described as being in “critical” condition by a doctor at Evin prison.
Jafar Azimzadeh has been in quarantine since 9 August with five other prisoners who tested positive for COVID-19 in the prison.
On 12 August 2020, human rights defenders Esmail Abdi and Jafar Azimzadeh were informed by Evin prison authorities that their second COVID-19 test, conducted on 9 August, had reportedly tested negative. The defenders had initially been informed on 9 August 2020, that the tests they had taken on 4 August had returned positive, and so they, and 10 other prisoners were transferred to the clinic of Evin prison for quarantine. Despite their negative results, both defenders have been held in quarantine with the prisoners who are thought to have tested positive for the virus, without sufficient protection, despite both suffering from pre-existing medical conditions.
Esmail Abdi is a high school teacher and former Secretary General of Iran’s Teachers’ Trade Association (ITTA). As part of his trade union activities, he has been campaigning for labour rights through organizing peaceful demonstrations and participation in representing ITTA in international confrences. An affiliate of Education International, ITTA is a trade union of educators which concentrates on the union rights of teachers and students. Jafar Azimzadeh is the Secretary of the Board of Directors of the Free Union of Iranian Workers (FUIW), a group dedicated to defending labour rights and improving working conditions. The group has not been officially recognised by the Iranian authorities, and many of its leading members are frequently subject to harassment.
Esmail Abdi was serving a 5 year sentence on charges of “gathering information with the intention to disrupt national security” and “propaganda against the state” when was handed a new ten year sentence on mid May 2020 The defender had been granted furlough from prison in March 2020 in the context of COVID-19. With only a few months remaining on his previous five year sentence, Esmail Abdi was handed an additional 10 year sentence f based on an old file which had been announced closed, against which he is going to appeal. Jafar Azimzadeh, who was already serving a five year sentence for ‘crimes of assembly and collusion against national security through organizing and operating an illegal group’, was sentenced to an additional 13 months’ imprisonment on 15 June 2020 on charges of ‘propaganda against state’ from Branch 26 of the Revolutionary Court. Esmail Abdi suffers from asthma whilst Jafar Azimzadeh suffers from kidney, heart and blood circulation complications, rendering them both particularly vulnerable.
On 4 August 2020, 17 prisoners from Ward 8 of Evin prison were randomly tested for COVID-19, including Esmail Abdi and Jafar Azimzadeh. The results of this test were announced on 9 August, with 12 out of 17 prisoners allegedly testing positive. In response to these results, the 12 prisoners were then transferred to the prison’s clinic to be quarantined, and were tested once again later that day.
On 12 August, the results of the second test from 9 August were announced to the 12 prisoners, with eight testing positive and four negative, Esmail Abdi and Jafar Azimzadeh amongst them. The two defenders, despite their negative test results, continue to be held in quarantine with five of the prisoners who tested positive, placing them both at heightened risk. Two were transferred out of the clinic for the severity of their condition and pre-existing conditions, and one was granted furlough.
Front Line Defenders is concerned regarding the way in which the authorities in Evin prison have responded to the high numbers of positive COVID-19 cases in Ward 8, where many imprisoned human rights defenders are held. In both recent instances of testing, on 4 August and 9 August, the results of the tests were not released officially, and were merely announced to the prisoners or withheld from them, which has been the case for other imprisoned human rights defenders in Iran. This lack of transparency creates a sense of fear and uncertainty for the prisoners in question. On 10 August 2020, prisoners in Ward 8 of Evin prison began a sit-in demonstration to protest against the negligence of the prison authorities in response to COVID-19, and the negative impact of their inaction for the prisoners, in what they now consider to be a crisis.
Front Line Defenders is seriously concerned for the physical and psychological integrity of Esmail Abdi and Jafar Azimzadeh as they are currently at risk, and believes they are being detained as a result of their legitimate and peaceful human rights work in Iran. Front Line Defenders also reiterates its concern regarding the conditions of prisons in Iran in the context of COVID-19, such as overcrowding, the denial of access to medical care and disregard for the well-being of prisoners, as well as unhygienic conditions.
